The pathway
How you actually get there, here
How you become one varies far more by country than what one does. This is the UK route. Most people take one of these ways in; the right one depends on where you're starting from.
- 1
University Graduate (Cybersecurity/IT Degree)
0-1 year post-graduationSkills to master
- Translating theoretical knowledge into practical application, understanding real-world enterprise environments, developing incident response muscle memory.
You're ready to move on when
- Strong academic record in relevant modules.
- Completed a relevant internship or capstone project.
- Demonstrated passion for cybersecurity outside of studies (e.g., CTFs, personal projects).
- 2
IT Support / Helpdesk Specialist
1-2 years in IT supportSkills to master
- Understanding user behaviour, troubleshooting technical issues, escalating problems effectively, basic network and system administration.
You're ready to move on when
- Experience resolving security-related tickets (e.g., malware removal, password resets, phishing reports).
- Proactive interest in security beyond daily duties.
- Basic certifications like CompTIA A+ or Network+.
- 3
Network/System Administrator (Junior)
1-2 years in junior admin rolesSkills to master
- Deep understanding of system configurations, network protocols, server management, and vulnerability patching.
You're ready to move on when
- Experience configuring firewalls, managing user accounts, or securing servers.
- Demonstrated understanding of how systems can be exploited.
- Relevant certifications like CCNA or MCSA.
- 4
Self-Taught / Career Changer
Varies widely, typically 1-3 years of dedicated self-studySkills to master
- Building a strong foundational knowledge, practical hands-on experience through labs and projects, networking with industry professionals.
You're ready to move on when
- A portfolio of personal security projects (e.g., setting up a SIEM, analysing malware).
- Relevant entry-level certifications (e.g., CompTIA Security+).
- Active participation in cybersecurity communities or hackathons.


