The pathway
How you actually get there, here
How you become one varies far more by country than what one does. This is the UK route. Most people take one of these ways in; the right one depends on where you're starting from.
- 1
Senior Software Engineer (with informal leadership)
3-5 years as a Senior EngineerSkills to master
- Deep technical expertise in a specific domain, mentoring junior colleagues, leading design discussions, taking ownership of complex features end-to-end.
You're ready to move on when
- You're consistently the 'go-to' person for complex technical problems on your team.
- You've actively mentored 2-3 junior engineers, helping them grow their skills.
- You've successfully led the technical delivery of at least 2-3 major features or projects.
- You're comfortable presenting technical solutions and defending them to peers and product managers.
- 2
Technical Lead (IC path, then transition)
2-4 years as a Technical LeadSkills to master
- Architectural design, cross-team technical alignment, driving technical standards, deep understanding of system reliability and performance.
You're ready to move on when
- You're regularly involved in architectural review meetings, providing critical feedback.
- You've successfully driven the adoption of new technical standards or best practices within your team or across teams.
- You're seen as a technical expert who can influence decisions without direct authority.
- You've started to take on some informal coaching responsibilities for less experienced engineers.
- 3
Scrum Master (with strong technical background)
3-6 years as a Scrum MasterSkills to master
- Expertise in Agile methodologies, conflict resolution, team facilitation, removing impediments, protecting the team from external distractions.
You're ready to move on when
- You've successfully guided multiple teams through complex sprints and releases.
- You're highly skilled at facilitating difficult conversations and resolving team conflicts.
- You have a strong technical understanding that allows you to empathise with engineering challenges.
- You've actively sought opportunities to provide technical guidance or mentorship alongside your Scrum Master duties.