United Kingdom · Technology and data · Director/VP (16-20 years)

Director of Network Engineering & Operations

Here is the whole job, in plain words. What it is, what you decide, how you're judged, how people get here and where they go next. Then the part no course gives you: twelve AI tutors who learn your work.

See how AI is changing this job, and get the full read by email.

As Director of Network Engineering & Operations, a good place to start on AI-Driven Network Operations (AIOps) Adoption is Planning Automation Across a Department, a free Future Fluency module at Level 5. You'd practise working out what in your department's work could be automated, what should not be, and what to recommend.

Free to start, no card.

Keep this job description

Where should we send it?

One email: what AI is changing in this job, the new skills it asks for, where it leads, and where to start free. With a link back here. Nothing else follows unless you confirm your address.

Your employer, or 'self-employed'

Leading a team? Try this with up to five of them for 14 days, free.

  • Experience bandDirector/VP (16-20 years)
  • Direct reports25-100+ reports
  • Reports toVP of Infrastructure
  • UK framework levelUsually a director, accountable for a division and its numbers

Also advertised as Head of Networks · VP, Network Infrastructure · Senior Director, Global Networks

Built on 43,079 real UK job descriptions we analysed · grounded in what real qualifications cover

1From this job to a course

The qualifications matched to this job

ATHE Level 7 Extended Diploma in Computing Technologies (Networking) ATHE Ltd · Level 7 · covers 1 of 11 standards
ATHE Level 7 Extended Diploma in Computing ATHE Ltd · Level 7 · covers 1 of 11 standards
ATHE Level 7 Extended Diploma in Computing Technologies (General Route) ATHE Ltd · Level 7 · covers 1 of 11 standards
Qualifi Level 5 Extended Diploma in IT-Networking Qualifi Ltd · Level 5 · covers 4 of 11 standards
Qualifi Level 5 Diploma in IT-Networking Qualifi Ltd · Level 5 · covers 4 of 11 standards
Qualifi Level 5 Extended Diploma in Information Technology Qualifi Ltd · Level 5 · covers 4 of 11 standards

Matched from the standards this job is measured against: a suggestion, not an official ruling.

The units you would start with

Networking and Infrastructure Development ATHE Level 7 Extended Diploma in Computing Technologies (Networking)
Network Design and Administration Qualifi Level 5 Extended Diploma in IT-Networking

The future skills this job leans on

AI Fluency working with AI as a thinking partner
Data Fluency turning numbers into a decision
AI Governance Fluency using AI responsibly
Automation Fluency building AI into how work runs
Sustainability Fluency building care for people and planet into the work
Your Plan Illustration

Built for Director of Network Engineering & Operations

2 units that map to this job, from the qualifications that cover it.

  1. Networking and Infrastructure Development ATHE Ltd · covers 1 of 11 standards Level 7
  2. Network Design and Administration Qualifi Ltd · covers 4 of 11 standards Level 5
These are the real units behind this job, in the order they rank for it. Nothing here is marked done, because this plan has not been started by anyone yet. Yours would fill in as you go.

2AI and this work

Will AI change your work as a Director of Network Engineering & Operations?

Nobody can say exactly how. Here is what this job is being asked for next, and where to start.

The new skills this role is being asked for

  • AI-Driven Network Operations (AIOps) Adoption
  • Sustainable Networking & Green IT
Why each one is rising

The future skills this job leans on

We'll only ever tell you what we can actually back up. No hype, no scare tactics.

What happens when you start

Next, a free account. We build your Director of Network Engineering & Operations plan as you set up, starting with the free Automation Fluency module. No card.

Your first Future Fluency module is free. After that, your AI tutor is £70 a month.

Keep this read. One email with what AI is changing in this job, the new skills it asks for and where to start free. Nothing else follows unless you confirm your address.

3What this role really is

Director of Network Engineering and Operations leads the design, delivery and running of an organisation's network infrastructure. The role covers everything from physical cabling to cloud connectivity, and sets the network strategy for years ahead.

4What you'd actually use

The tools this job runs on, and how well you'd need to know each one.

Network OS/Hardware (Cisco IOS-XE/NX-OS, Juniper Junos, Arista EOS) Strategic

Vendor selection and lifecycle management. Making architectural decisions (e.g., Cisco ACI vs. Arista CloudVision) and guiding your teams on best practices.

Automation & IaC (Ansible, Python, Terraform) Architect

Setting the network automation strategy. Overseeing the IaC framework and CI/CD pipeline for network changes. Ensuring your teams are adopting and building with these tools.

Monitoring & Observability (Grafana, Prometheus, Datadog, SolarWinds) Strategic

Platform selection and integration. Defining the observability strategy and key business-level SLOs/SLIs. Reviewing dashboards for executive insights and incident trends.

Cloud Networking (AWS VPC, Azure VNet, Transit Gateway, Virtual WAN) Architect

Developing the multi-cloud and hybrid cloud connectivity strategy. Managing cloud networking spend and governance across the enterprise.

Executive Platforms (Tableau/Power BI, Anaplan/Adaptive Planning, ServiceNow GRC) Advanced

Using these for network performance dashboards for leadership, managing budgets, and reporting on compliance. Presenting data-driven insights to the C-suite.

5What you get to decide, and how that grows

Power in a job isn't your title. It's what you're allowed to decide. Here's how it grows as you move up.

The choiceComing in Where you are nowThe step above
Strategic Network Architecture N/A N/A Defines the multi-year architectural roadmap and makes final decisions on major architectural shifts (e.g., multi-cloud strategy, Zero Trust implementation) after consulting with Lead Architects and the CISO.
Budget Allocation (CapEx/OpEx) N/A N/A Owns and approves the annual network budget (typically £2M-£10M+), allocating funds across projects, operations, and vendor contracts. Requires sign-off from the VP of Infrastructure and CFO for overall budget approval, but you're responsible for the detail.
Team Hiring & Organisational Structure N/A N/A Full authority to hire, fire, and promote within your direct reports' teams. Designs the organisational structure of the network function to optimise for efficiency and talent development. Consults with HR and the VP of Infrastructure on significant structural changes.
Major Vendor Selection & Contract Negotiation N/A N/A Leads the selection process for strategic network vendors (e.g., core routing/switching, firewall platforms, cloud providers) and negotiates multi-million-pound contracts. Requires legal review and VP/CFO approval for final contract signing.
Incident Management & Crisis Communication N/A N/A Acts as the executive incident commander for P1 network outages, making critical decisions on remediation steps and owning all C-suite and external stakeholder communication during the crisis. You're the voice of the network when it matters most.

6How you'll be judged

The scoreboard, and what is not on it. The hard targets, how often each is actually looked at, and the quiet signals that never reach a dashboard.

Network Availability (Critical Production)
Uptime percentage for our most critical network services and applications.
Target · Maintain 99.99% ('four nines') uptime for critical production networks.

If our target is 99.99%, that means no more than 52.56 minutes of downtime per year for critical services. You'll be tracking this religiously.

Budget Management (OpEx/CapEx)
Managing the operational and capital expenditure for the network function against forecast.
Target · Manage £2M-£10M+ OpEx/CapEx budget to within +/- 3% of forecast.

If your annual budget is £5M, you'll need to stay between £4.85M and £5.15M. This means tough decisions on vendor contracts and project prioritisation.

Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) Reduction
Reducing the overall cost of running our network infrastructure through efficiency, automation, and vendor consolidation.
Target · Achieve a 15% reduction in network TCO over a 3-year period.

If our current TCO is £10M, you'd be looking to bring that down to £8.5M by year three. This isn't just cutting corners; it's about smart investments and optimisation.

Security Posture Improvement
Reducing the attack surface and improving our network's resilience against cyber threats, measured by audit findings and vulnerability scores.
Target · Reduce critical network security vulnerabilities by 25% year-over-year and achieve a 'Good' rating in annual external audits.

After a Q1 audit identified 10 critical network vulnerabilities, you'd need to show only 7 remaining by Q1 next year, alongside a clean bill of health from our external auditors.

Strategic Influence & Board Engagement
How effectively you articulate network strategy and its business impact to the C-Suite and Board, securing buy-in and resources.
  • You're regularly invited to present at Board meetings on infrastructure strategy. Your proposals for major investments are approved with minimal pushback. C-suite members proactively seek your input on business initiatives with network implications.
Team Leadership & Development
Your ability to build, mentor, and retain a high-performing network organisation, fostering a culture of ownership and continuous improvement.
  • High employee engagement scores within your teams (e.g., >75%). Low voluntary attrition rate (<10% annually). Clear succession plans for key roles. Your managers are actively developing their direct reports, and you see a pipeline of talent emerging.
Vendor & Partner Management
The strength of our strategic relationships with key network vendors and service providers, ensuring we get the best value and support.
  • You're meeting regularly with executive-level contacts at our top 3-5 vendors. We're getting preferential treatment on support cases and early access to new technologies. Contract renewals are smooth and result in better terms for us.
Cross-functional Collaboration
Your effectiveness in working with other departments (e.g., Security, Product, Sales) to ensure network solutions meet their needs and support overall business objectives.
  • Other department heads consistently praise your team's responsiveness and collaborative spirit. Network requirements are integrated early into new product development cycles. There's a shared understanding of network constraints and capabilities across the business.

7Would you like it

Both sides. What people enjoy, and what grinds them down.

What people enjoy
Building & Transforming

You'll get a real kick out of seeing your strategic network architecture plans move from whiteboard to production, knowing you've built something robust and future-proof. It's about shaping the very foundation of the business.

Successfully leading a multi-year project to migrate our core data centre network to a modern Spine-Leaf architecture, seeing the performance and resilience gains firsthand.

Impact at Scale

The thought of your decisions impacting thousands of employees and millions of customers globally, ensuring their connectivity and productivity, is what gets you going. You're playing a critical role in the company's success.

Implementing a new SD-WAN solution across 50+ global offices that dramatically improves user experience and reduces operational costs.

Leadership & Mentorship

You thrive on developing your direct reports and their teams, seeing them grow into strong technical leaders and problem-solvers. Building a high-performing, psychologically safe culture is a huge motivator.

Mentoring a Senior Network Engineer into a Manager role, then seeing them successfully lead a major project independently.

What frustrates people
  • The 'Guilty Until Proven Innocent' Protocol: Being the default blame for every application slowdown, forcing you to spend hours proving network innocence with packet captures and latency graphs, often to a sceptical audience.
  • Vendor Support Black Holes: Spending days chasing Tier 1 support at a major telco or hardware vendor for a critical circuit issue, only to be asked 'Have you tried turning it off and on again?' when the business is screaming for answers.
  • The Invisibility Tax: Fighting for a multi-million-pound budget for infrastructure upgrades that, if successful, are completely invisible to the business. You only get noticed when something breaks, which feels unfair.
  • On-Call Burnout: The immense pressure of managing a 24/7/365 service and the emotional toll it takes on your managers and their teams, leading to high stress and potential burnout if not managed carefully.
  • Change Freeze Whiplash: Navigating business demands for agility while being constrained by long, restrictive change freezes that make it impossible to get proactive work done or implement critical security patches.
  • Security vs. Availability: The constant tension between the security team's mandate to lock everything down and the business's need for network services to be available and performant, often leading to difficult compromises.
What this role does not give you
  • A purely hands-on technical role; you'll be leading and strategising more than configuring.
  • A predictable, 9-to-5 schedule; incidents don't care about your plans, and strategic planning often means late nights.
  • A quiet, low-pressure environment; this is a high-stakes role with significant responsibility and visibility.
  • The luxury of avoiding difficult conversations; you'll need to challenge assumptions and push back when necessary.

8Who you work with

This role directly shapes the operational resilience, security posture, and technological agility of a major business unit. Your decisions impact everything from customer experience and revenue generation to regulatory compliance and the company's ability to enter new markets. Get it right, and you're enabling multi-million-pound growth; get it wrong, and you're looking at significant financial losses and reputational damage. It's high stakes, honestly.

Inside the business
  • C-Suite (CEO, COO, CTO, CISO)
  • Business Unit Leaders (e.g., Head of Product, Head of Sales)
  • Finance Director and their team
  • Cyber Security and GRC (Governance, Risk, and Compliance) teams
  • Legal and Regulatory Affairs
Outside the business
  • Strategic Network Vendors (e.g., Cisco, Juniper, Palo Alto, AWS, Azure)
  • Telco and ISP Providers
  • Industry Regulators and Auditors
  • Key Technology Partners and Consultants

9What you need before you start

Not a wish list. The things you would be expected to already have.

  • Proven experience (12-16 years minimum) in a senior network leadership role, such as Network Engineering Manager or Principal Architect, managing large-scale, complex network environments.
  • Demonstrable track record of successfully leading major network transformation projects (e.g., data centre migrations, global SD-WAN deployments, multi-cloud connectivity).
  • Extensive experience managing significant departmental budgets (multi-million-pound) and negotiating with major technology vendors.
  • Strong leadership and people management skills, with a history of building and developing high-performing technical teams.
  • Exceptional communication skills, with a proven ability to present complex technical topics to executive leadership and non-technical audiences.

10What to practise next

Where the job is going, and what to do about it starting this week.

Advanced Multi-Cloud & Hybrid Connectivity Patterns

Most enterprises are now multi-cloud, but the complexity of connecting these environments securely and efficiently is still a major challenge. You'll need to direct the strategy for seamless, high-performance hybrid architectures.

Cloud Native Network Services · Inter-Cloud Routing & Segmentation · Cloud Financial Operations (FinOps) for Networking · Edge Computing Network Integration

  • This quarter: Review our current multi-cloud architecture. Identify key challenges and areas for optimisation.
  • Next 6 months: Engage with cloud solution architects (internal or external) to explore advanced connectivity patterns and cost optimisation strategies.
  • Next 12 months: Sponsor a proof-of-concept for a new hybrid cloud networking solution (e.g., a unified network fabric across cloud and on-prem).
  • Ongoing: Ensure your Lead Architects are certified in advanced cloud networking specialties. Their expertise is your strength.

Quick win: Review your cloud provider bills specifically for network egress costs. Often, there are quick wins for optimisation there.

Zero Trust Network Architecture (ZTNA) Leadership

Traditional perimeter-based security is no longer enough. Zero Trust is the future, and you'll need to lead its implementation across our entire network estate, from users to applications.

Identity-Centric Segmentation · Micro-segmentation & Least Privilege · Continuous Verification & Adaptive Access · ZTNA Vendor Landscape

  • This quarter: Work with the CISO to define our Zero Trust vision and a high-level roadmap for the network.
  • Next 6 months: Identify a pilot project for ZTNA implementation (e.g., securing remote access or a specific application segment).
  • Next 12 months: Develop a phased rollout plan for ZTNA across the enterprise, addressing both technical and organisational challenges.
  • Ongoing: Ensure your security and network teams are cross-trained on ZTNA principles and technologies. It's a joint effort.

Quick win: Start with a small, high-value application or user group for a ZTNA pilot. It's easier to demonstrate value and learn from a contained experiment.

11Staying current once you are in

What people here do to keep up
  • Regularly attend industry conferences (e.g., Cisco Live, Juniper NXTWORK, AWS re:Invent) to stay abreast of emerging technologies and network with peers.
  • Participate in executive leadership programmes or an MBA to further develop your business acumen and strategic thinking.
  • Engage with industry analyst firms (e.g., Gartner, Forrester) to understand market trends and vendor landscapes.
  • Mentor junior leaders within your organisation, building your coaching and development skills.

12The rising capability

The rising capability

Zavmo analysis

What's rising in its place

This is where the work is heading, and the higher pay with it. Get fluent here and the shift stops being a threat and starts being your edge.

AI-Driven Network Operations (AIOps) Adoption

AIOps is quickly moving from a 'nice-to-have' to a 'must-have' for managing complex, distributed networks. It's about proactive problem detection, root cause analysis, and automating responses, reducing human error and improving uptime. Competitors are already using this to gain an edge.

  • Machine Learning for Anomaly Detection
  • Event Correlation & Root Cause Analysis
  • Automated Remediation Workflows
  • Observability-Driven Development

Sustainable Networking & Green IT

Organisations are under increasing pressure from regulators, investors, and customers to reduce their carbon footprint. Network infrastructure consumes significant power, so optimising for energy efficiency will become a key strategic imperative, impacting vendor selection and architectural decisions.

  • Power Consumption Metrics & Reporting
  • Energy-Efficient Hardware Selection
  • Network Optimisation for Reduced Energy
  • Circular Economy Principles in IT

13What you’ll use

What you’ll use

Skills this role draws on

Technical

  • Advanced Routing & Switching Architecture
  • Cloud Networking Strategy
  • Network Security Architecture & Zero Trust
  • Network Automation & Infrastructure as Code (IaC)
  • Capacity Planning & Performance Tuning

14The pathway

The pathway

How you actually get there, here

How you become one varies far more by country than what one does. This is the UK route. Most people take one of these ways in; the right one depends on where you're starting from.

  1. 1

    Network Engineering Manager (L5)

    3-5 years in role

    Skills to master

    • Managing multiple teams of engineers, owning a significant functional budget, developing team leads, and driving large-scale projects.

    You're ready to move on when

    • Successfully led a major network transformation programme from start to finish.
    • Consistently met or exceeded departmental KPIs for availability and project delivery.
    • Developed and mentored at least two senior engineers into leadership roles.
    • Demonstrated strong financial management and vendor negotiation skills.
  2. 2

    Principal Network Architect (L5)

    3-5 years in role

    Skills to master

    • Designing enterprise-scale network solutions, setting technical standards, influencing technical strategy across departments, and acting as a technical authority.

    You're ready to move on when

    • Architected and overseen the implementation of multiple complex network solutions (e.g., multi-cloud, global SD-WAN).
    • Recognised as the go-to technical expert for critical network challenges across the organisation.
    • Successfully influenced major technology choices at an enterprise level.
    • Mentored and guided other architects and senior engineers on complex designs.
  3. 3

    Director of Infrastructure (from another domain, e.g., Compute/Storage)

    3-5 years in role

    Skills to master

    • Deepening network-specific knowledge, understanding the unique challenges of network operations, and integrating network strategy with other infrastructure domains.

    You're ready to move on when

    • Proven track record of leading a large infrastructure function (e.g., Compute, Storage) with similar scale and complexity.
    • Demonstrated ability to quickly grasp new technical domains and apply strategic leadership principles.
    • Strong cross-functional leadership and collaboration skills, essential for integrating network with other tech areas.
    • Successfully managed significant budgets and vendor relationships in previous roles.

15Where this role leads

The long view: This role can lead to a VP of Infrastructure position, or on to CTO or CIO roles, taking on wider responsibility for technology strategy.

The ten Future Fluencies

Zavmo analysis

The credential is what you can do today. These are what keep you valuable.

A qualification proves you can do the job as it's defined today. These ten are what decide whether you're still the obvious person for it in five years. They're the capabilities employers are now writing into senior roles faster than people are learning them. Zavmo weaves them through whatever you study, so you come out with both: the credential and the fluency.

The highlighted ones are the Fluencies your role leans on hardest, from how Director of Network Engineering & Operations is actually changing.

How you would learn this

One to one, on the work you already do

A tutor sets the task against your own job and marks the reasoning, at your pace. There is no cohort to fall behind.

A lesson from Networking and Infrastructure Development, worked against Director of Network Engineering & Operations.

Networking and Infrastructure Development Level 7

Applied to your work in Director of Network Engineering & Operations

This unit aims to provide learners with an understanding of different network infrastructures and the importance of network security. Learners will describe the characteristics and applications of wireless networks, and explain how to support and maintain a network infrastructure, including troubleshooting.

How the thinking builds
  1. 1 Remember
  2. 2 Understand
  3. 3 Apply
  4. 4 Analyse
  5. 5 Evaluate
  6. 6 Create
An illustration of a Zavmo lesson, built from this role’s own route. The unit, its objective and every criterion above are the awarding body’s own words, not an example.

It is £70 a month, billed monthly. Your free first module is Future Fluency, and you can cancel any time.

See Your Progress Grow Illustration
Director of Network Engineering & Operations
  • Advanced Routing & Switching Architecture
  • Cloud Networking Strategy
  • Network Security Architecture & Zero Trust
  • Network Automation & Infrastructure as Code (IaC)
  • Capacity Planning & Performance Tuning
This is your Mind Palace on learn.zavmo.ai. Every skill above comes from this role's own record, not an example borrowed from another job. A node lights up when you evidence it, and what you build stays yours between jobs. That is the part a course cannot do.

16The detail, folded away

Everything else the record holds

The career branches in full, how AI is already showing up in the day-to-day, and the questions people ask about this job. Here when you want them, out of the way while you decide.

Where it leads next, rung by rung

Where it leads

The career path, and where it branches

Director of Network Engineering & Operations is a start, not a ceiling. Each step below asks for new skills and hands back more autonomy.

  1. VP of Infrastructure

    3-5 years

    L7

    • Strategic oversight of compute and storage technologies (e.g., server virtualisation, containerisation, SAN/NAS)
    • Data centre strategy and optimisation across all infrastructure domains
    • Vendor management for the entire infrastructure portfolio
    • Leading large-scale, multi-domain digital transformations
  2. Chief Technology Officer (CTO) or Chief Information Officer (CIO)

    5-8 years

    L7

    • Software development lifecycle (SDLC) and engineering best practices
    • Enterprise architecture across all technology domains (applications, data, infrastructure)
    • Vendor and partner ecosystem management at an enterprise level
    • Driving cultural change and innovation across the entire technology organisation
Working with AI on the job

Working with AI

Where AI is starting to help

Let's be real, as a Director, your time is precious. You're not just managing a network; you're managing people, budgets, and strategic direction. AI isn't going to do your job for you, but it can certainly make your job a whole lot more efficient, giving you back critical hours to focus on what truly matters: strategy and leadership.

For a Director of Network Engineering & Operations, AI tools aren't about configuring routers (your team does that). They're about gaining deeper insights faster, automating tedious reporting, and empowering your teams. Think of AI as your strategic co-pilot, helping you see around corners and make data-driven decisions that shape the future of our network.

AI-Powered Anomaly Detection & Predictive Outages

Use AIOps platforms (like Datadog or BigPanda) to analyse network telemetry in real-time. This helps your teams automatically identify subtle deviations from normal patterns (unusual latency, traffic spikes) that predict future outages, letting you move from reactive firefighting to proactive prevention. You'll get early warnings, not just alerts.

Strategic Predictive Capacity Planning

Feed historical bandwidth utilisation, business growth projections, and circuit costs into an AI model. This will forecast exactly when and where network links will saturate, creating data-driven, proactive budget requests that are hard for Finance to argue with. No more guessing; just solid numbers.

Automated Firewall Policy Auditing & Optimisation

Use AI tools to analyse vast firewall rule sets against security best practices, compliance frameworks (like PCI-DSS), and actual traffic flows. This identifies risky, redundant, or unused rules for cleanup, significantly reducing your attack surface and making audit season a breeze for your security team.

Executive Summary & Incident Report Auto-Drafting

Leverage an LLM to parse incident Slack channels, alert streams, and ticket timelines. It can generate a structured first draft of post-mortem reports and executive summaries, allowing your managers and leads to focus on root cause analysis and strategic fixes instead of hours of tedious documentation. You'll get the critical info faster.

Common questions

Common questions

How do you become a Director of Network Engineering & Operations?

Common routes in include Network Engineering Manager (3-5 years in role), Principal Network Architect (3-5 years in role) and Director of Infrastructure (from another domain, e.g., Compute/Storage) (3-5 years in role). Times vary with prior experience.

Where can a Director of Network Engineering & Operations progress to?

This role can lead on to VP of Infrastructure (3-5 years) and Chief Technology Officer (CTO) or Chief Information Officer (CIO) (5-8 years), depending on the skills you build.

What new skills matter most for a Director of Network Engineering & Operations?

Increasingly, AI-Driven Network Operations (AIOps) Adoption and Sustainable Networking & Green IT. These are the skills our record of this role lists as growing.

Free tools

Want a read on where you stand?

Three free tools, no account needed. Each one ends with a role, a level and a way in.

17Where to go from here

Other roles at Level 7

Same depth of qualification, different job. Useful if the work appeals but this particular role does not.

More jobs in technology and data

Stay in the field you know and move sideways rather than up.

If you leave this industry

The skills built in this role, strategic leadership, large-scale infrastructure management, budget accountability and executive influence, transfer across large enterprises. They also apply in technology consulting, advising other organisations on network and infrastructure strategy.

This role profile is © 2026 Growth Engineering Technologies Ltd. Built from UK occupational standards and regulated qualification data, and written for Zavmo.

You're not behind. You're right on time. The shift is only just beginning. Your role won't look the same in two years. Be the one who leads the change, not the one it happens to. Start my free Automation Fluency module What happens next: a free account, then we build your plan as you set up. No card. Build your plan, see your roadmap and meet the twelve tutors matched to you. All free. When you're ready to start learning, it's £70 a month, billed monthly. Cancel any time and billing stops.