The pathway
How you actually get there, here
How you become one varies far more by country than what one does. This is the UK route. Most people take one of these ways in; the right one depends on where you're starting from.
- 1
From Principal ML Engineer
3-5 years as PrincipalSkills to master
- Transitioning from deep individual technical contribution to leading multiple technical domains, influencing cross-functional strategy, and demonstrating strong mentorship of other senior ICs. You'll need to prove you can think beyond a single domain.
You're ready to move on when
- Successfully architected and delivered 2-3 major, cross-cutting ML systems impacting multiple product lines.
- Consistently mentored 3-5 senior engineers, with at least one progressing to a Lead role under your guidance.
- Demonstrated ability to influence technical strategy at a departmental level, gaining buy-in from peer leaders.
- Proven track record of identifying and solving complex, ambiguous technical problems with significant business impact.
- 2
From ML Manager (leading multiple teams)
3-5 years as a multi-team ManagerSkills to master
- Scaling your leadership from managing managers to owning a full function's P&L and strategic roadmap. This means a greater focus on organisational design, executive communication, and external representation, moving beyond day-to-day team operations.
You're ready to move on when
- Successfully managed 2-3 ML teams (10-20+ people total) that consistently delivered on their objectives.
- Demonstrated ownership of a significant departmental budget and made effective resource allocation decisions.
- Proven ability to recruit, retain, and develop high-performing ML talent, including other managers.
- Track record of effectively communicating team strategy and performance to senior leadership.
- 3
From Head of Data Science / ML (at a smaller company)
4-6 years in a similar leadership roleSkills to master
- Adapting to the scale and complexity of a larger organisation, navigating more intricate political landscapes, and managing a significantly larger budget and team. You'll need to demonstrate the ability to operate effectively within a more structured corporate environment.
You're ready to move on when
- Successfully built and scaled an ML function from scratch or significantly grew an existing one.
- Experience in a similar strategic leadership role, even if the team size/budget was smaller.
- Demonstrated ability to attract and retain talent in a competitive market.
- Proven track record of driving business impact through ML in a previous role.